inabox/inabox.wpf/ImageUtils.cs

using InABox.Core;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Interop;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using ColorHelper;
using Color = System.Drawing.Color;
using Pen = System.Drawing.Pen;
using PixelFormat = System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat;
using Point = System.Drawing.Point;
using Size = System.Drawing.Size;

namespace InABox.WPF
{
    public static class ImageUtils
    {
        
        // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures
        /* Bytes in c# have a range of 0 to 255 so each byte can be represented as
         * a two digit hex string. */
        private static readonly Dictionary<ImageFormat, string[][]> SignatureTable = new()
        {
            {
                ImageFormat.Jpeg,
                new[]
                {
                    new[] { "FF", "D8", "FF", "DB" },
                    new[] { "FF", "D8", "FF", "EE" },
                    new[] { "FF", "D8", "FF", "E0", "00", "10", "4A", "46", "49", "46", "00", "01" }
                }
            },
            {
                ImageFormat.Gif,
                new[]
                {
                    new[] { "47", "49", "46", "38", "37", "61" },
                    new[] { "47", "49", "46", "38", "39", "61" }
                }
            },
            {
                ImageFormat.Png,
                new[]
                {
                    new[] { "89", "50", "4E", "47", "0D", "0A", "1A", "0A" }
                }
            },
            {
                ImageFormat.Bmp,
                new[]
                {
                    new[] { "42", "4D" }
                }
            }
        };

        public static Size Adjust(this Size src, double maxWidth, double maxHeight, bool enlarge = false)
        {
            maxWidth = enlarge ? maxWidth : Math.Min(maxWidth, src.Width);
            maxHeight = enlarge ? maxHeight : Math.Min(maxHeight, src.Height);

            var rnd = Math.Min((decimal)maxWidth / src.Width, (decimal)maxHeight / src.Height);
            return new Size((int)Math.Round(src.Width * rnd), (int)Math.Round(src.Height * rnd));
        }

        public static Bitmap AsGrayScale(this Bitmap source)
        {
            //create a blank bitmap the same size as original
            var newBitmap = new Bitmap(source.Width, source.Height);

            //get a graphics object from the new image
            var g = Graphics.FromImage(newBitmap);

            //create the grayscale ColorMatrix
            var colorMatrix = new ColorMatrix(
                new[]
                {
                    new[] { .3f, .3f, .3f, 0, 0 },
                    new[] { .59f, .59f, .59f, 0, 0 },
                    new[] { .11f, .11f, .11f, 0, 0 },
                    new float[] { 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 },
                    new float[] { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 }
                });

            //create some image attributes
            var attributes = new ImageAttributes();

            //set the color matrix attribute
            attributes.SetColorMatrix(colorMatrix);

            //draw the original image on the new image
            //using the grayscale color matrix
            g.DrawImage(source, new Rectangle(0, 0, source.Width, source.Height),
                0, 0, source.Width, source.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel, attributes);

            //dispose the Graphics object
            g.Dispose();
            return newBitmap;
        }

        public static BitmapImage AsBitmapImage(this Bitmap src, int height, int width, bool transparent = true)
        {
            var resized = new Bitmap(src, new Size(width, height));
            return AsBitmapImage(resized, transparent);
        }

        public static BitmapImage AsBitmapImage(this Bitmap src, Color transparent)
        {
            src.MakeTransparent(transparent);
            return src.AsBitmapImage();
        }

        public static Bitmap ChangeColor(this Bitmap image, Color fromColor, Color toColor)
        {
            var attributes = new ImageAttributes();
            attributes.SetRemapTable(new ColorMap[]
            {
                new()
                {
                    OldColor = fromColor,
                    NewColor = toColor
                }
            }, ColorAdjustType.Bitmap);

            using (var g = Graphics.FromImage(image))
            {
                g.DrawImage(
                    image,
                    new Rectangle(Point.Empty, image.Size),
                    0, 0, image.Width, image.Height,
                    GraphicsUnit.Pixel,
                    attributes);
            }

            return image;
        }

        public static Bitmap Fade(this Bitmap source, float opacity)
        {
            var result = new Bitmap(source.Width, source.Height);
            //create a graphics object from the image  
            using (var gfx = Graphics.FromImage(result))
            {
                if (opacity < 1.0)
                    gfx.Clear(Color.White);
                //create a color matrix object  
                var matrix = new ColorMatrix();

                //set the opacity  
                matrix.Matrix33 = opacity;

                //create image attributes  
                var attributes = new ImageAttributes();

                //set the color(opacity) of the image  
                attributes.SetColorMatrix(matrix, ColorMatrixFlag.Default, ColorAdjustType.Bitmap);

                //now draw the image  
                gfx.DrawImage(source, new Rectangle(0, 0, source.Width, source.Height), 0, 0, source.Width, source.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel,
                    attributes);
            }

            return result;
        }

        public static BitmapImage AsBitmapImage(this Bitmap src, Color replace, Color with)
        {
            return src.ChangeColor(replace, with).AsBitmapImage(false);
        }

        public static Bitmap AsBitmap(this BitmapImage bitmapImage)
        {
            using (var outStream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                BitmapEncoder enc = new BmpBitmapEncoder();
                enc.Frames.Add(BitmapFrame.Create(bitmapImage));
                enc.Save(outStream);
                var bitmap = new Bitmap(outStream);

                return new Bitmap(bitmap);
            }
        }

        public static Bitmap AsBitmap(this BitmapSource source)
        {
            var width = source.PixelWidth;
            var height = source.PixelHeight;
            var stride = width * ((source.Format.BitsPerPixel + 7) / 8);
            var ptr = IntPtr.Zero;
            try
            {
                ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(height * stride);
                source.CopyPixels(new Int32Rect(0, 0, width, height), ptr, height * stride, stride);
                using (var btm = new Bitmap(width, height, stride, PixelFormat.Format1bppIndexed, ptr))
                {
                    return new Bitmap(btm);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                if (ptr != IntPtr.Zero)
                    Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ptr);
            }
        }

        public static Bitmap AsBitmap2(this BitmapSource source)
        {
            var bmp = new Bitmap(
                source.PixelWidth,
                source.PixelHeight,
                PixelFormat.Format32bppPArgb);
            var data = bmp.LockBits(
                new Rectangle(Point.Empty, bmp.Size),
                ImageLockMode.WriteOnly,
                PixelFormat.Format32bppPArgb);
            source.CopyPixels(
                Int32Rect.Empty,
                data.Scan0,
                data.Height * data.Stride,
                data.Stride);
            bmp.UnlockBits(data);
            return bmp;
        }

        public static BitmapImage? BitmapImageFromBase64(string base64)
        {
            return BitmapImageFromBytes(Convert.FromBase64String(base64));
        }
        public static BitmapImage? BitmapImageFromBytes(byte[] data)
        {
            var imageSource = new BitmapImage();
            if(data.Length > 0)
            {
                using (var ms = new MemoryStream(data))
                {
                    imageSource.BeginInit();
                    imageSource.StreamSource = ms;
                    imageSource.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad;
                    imageSource.EndInit();
                }
                return imageSource;
            }
            return null;
        }
        
        public static BitmapImage? BitmapImageFromStream(Stream data)
        {
            var imageSource = new BitmapImage();
            imageSource.BeginInit();
            imageSource.StreamSource = data;
            imageSource.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad;
            imageSource.EndInit();
            return imageSource;
        }

        public static BitmapImage AsBitmapImage(this Bitmap src, bool transparent = true)
        {
            if (transparent)
                src.MakeTransparent(src.GetPixel(0, 0));

            var bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            using (var memory = new MemoryStream())
            {
                src.Save(memory, ImageFormat.Png);
                memory.Position = 0;
                bitmapImage.BeginInit();
                bitmapImage.StreamSource = memory;
                bitmapImage.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad;
                bitmapImage.EndInit();
            }

            return bitmapImage;
        }

        public static BitmapSource AsBitmapSource(this Metafile metafile, int width, int height, Color background)
        {
            var src = new Bitmap(metafile.Width, metafile.Height);
            src.SetResolution(metafile.HorizontalResolution, metafile.VerticalResolution);
            using (var g = Graphics.FromImage(src))
            {
                g.DrawImage(metafile, 0, 0, metafile.Width, metafile.Height);
            }

            var scale = Math.Min(width / (float)metafile.Width, height / (float)metafile.Height);
            var scaleWidth = src.Width * scale;
            var scaleHeight = src.Height * scale;

            var xoffset = (width - scaleWidth) / 2.0F;
            var yoffset = (height - scaleHeight) / 2.0F;

            using (var bmp = new Bitmap(width, height))
            {
                bmp.SetResolution(metafile.HorizontalResolution, metafile.VerticalResolution);
                using (var g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp))
                {
                    g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.High;
                    g.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality;
                    g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;
                    g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(background), new RectangleF(0, 0, width, height));
                    g.DrawImage(src, xoffset, yoffset, scaleWidth, scaleHeight);
                }

                bmp.Save("c:\\development\\emf2bmp.png");
                return Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(bmp.GetHbitmap(), IntPtr.Zero, Int32Rect.Empty, BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());
            }
        }

        public static BitmapImage LoadImage(byte[] imageData)
        {
            var result = new BitmapImage();
            result.LoadImage(imageData);
            return result;
        }

        public static void LoadImage(this BitmapImage image, byte[]? imageData)
        {
            if (imageData == null || imageData.Length == 0)
                return;

            using (var mem = new MemoryStream(imageData))
            {
                mem.Position = 0;
                image.BeginInit();
                image.CreateOptions = BitmapCreateOptions.PreservePixelFormat;
                image.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad;
                image.UriSource = null;
                image.StreamSource = mem;
                image.EndInit();
            }

            image.Freeze();
        }

        public static byte[] ToArray<T>(this BitmapImage image) where T : BitmapEncoder, new()
        {
            byte[] data;
            var encoder = new T();
            encoder.Frames.Add(BitmapFrame.Create(image));
            using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                encoder.Save(ms);
                data = ms.ToArray();
            }

            return data;
        }

        public static BitmapImage Resize(this BitmapImage image, int height, int width)
        {
            var buffer = image.ToArray<BmpBitmapEncoder>();
            var ms = new MemoryStream(buffer);
            var result = new BitmapImage();
            result.BeginInit();
            result.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.None;
            result.CreateOptions = BitmapCreateOptions.IgnoreColorProfile;
            result.DecodePixelWidth = width;
            result.DecodePixelHeight = height;
            result.StreamSource = ms;
            result.Rotation = Rotation.Rotate0;
            result.EndInit();
            buffer = null;
            return result;
        }

        public static BitmapImage Scale(this BitmapImage image, int maxheight, int maxwidth)
        {
            var scaleHeight = maxheight / (float)image.Height;
            var scaleWidth = maxwidth / (float)image.Width;
            var scale = Math.Min(scaleHeight, scaleWidth);
            return image.Resize((int)(image.Height * scale), (int)(image.Width * scale));
        }

        public static Bitmap BitmapFromColor(Color color, int width, int height, Color frame)
        {
            var result = new Bitmap(width, height);
            var g = Graphics.FromImage(result);
            g.Clear(color);
            if (frame != Color.Transparent)
                g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(new SolidBrush(frame), 1), new Rectangle(0, 0, width-1, height-1));
            return result;
        }
        
        public static Bitmap BitmapFromColor(System.Windows.Media.Color color, int width, int height, System.Windows.Media.Color frame)
        {
            var result = new Bitmap(width, height);
            var g = Graphics.FromImage(result);
            g.Clear(Color.FromArgb(color.A,color.R,color.G,color.B));
            if (frame != Colors.Transparent)
                g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(frame.A,frame.R,frame.G,frame.B)), 1F), new Rectangle(0, 0, width-1, height-1));
            return result;
        }

        public static Color MixColors(this Color color1, double factor, Color color2)
        {
            if (factor < 0) throw new Exception($"Factor {factor} must be >= 0.");
            if (factor > 1) throw new Exception($"Factor {factor} must be <= 1.");

            if (factor == 0) return color2;
            if (factor == 1) return color1;

            var factor1 = 1 - factor;
            return Color.FromArgb(
                (byte)(color1.A * factor + color2.A * factor1),
                (byte)(color1.R * factor + color2.R * factor1),
                (byte)(color1.G * factor + color2.G * factor1),
                (byte)(color1.B * factor + color2.B * factor1));
        }

        public static System.Windows.Media.Color MixColors(this System.Windows.Media.Color color1, double factor, System.Windows.Media.Color color2)
        {
            if (factor < 0) throw new Exception($"Factor {factor} must be >= 0.");
            if (factor > 1) throw new Exception($"Factor {factor} must be <= 1.");

            if (factor == 0) return color2;
            if (factor == 1) return color1;

            var factor1 = 1 - factor;
            return System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(
                (byte)(color1.A * factor + color2.A * factor1),
                (byte)(color1.R * factor + color2.R * factor1),
                (byte)(color1.G * factor + color2.G * factor1),
                (byte)(color1.B * factor + color2.B * factor1));
        }

        public static string ColorToString(Color color)
        {
            return string.Format("#{0:X2}{1:X2}{2:X2}{3:X2}",
                color.A,
                color.R,
                color.G,
                color.B
            );
        }

        public static Color StringToColor(string colorcode)
        {
            var col = Color.Transparent;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(colorcode))
            {
                var code = colorcode.Replace("#", "");
                if (code.Length == 6)
                    col = Color.FromArgb(255,
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(0, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(2, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(4, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber));
                else if (code.Length == 8)
                    col = Color.FromArgb(
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(0, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(2, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(4, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(6, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber));
            }

            return col;
        }

        public static System.Windows.Media.Color StringToMediaColor(string colorcode)
        {
            var col = Colors.Transparent;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(colorcode))
            {
                var code = colorcode.Replace("#", "");
                if (code.Length == 6)
                    col = System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(255,
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(0, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(2, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(4, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber));
                else if (code.Length == 8)
                    col = System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(0, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(2, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(4, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber),
                        byte.Parse(code.Substring(6, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber));
            }

            return col;
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///     Creates color with corrected brightness.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="color">Color to correct.</param>
        /// <param name="correctionFactor">
        ///     The brightness correction factor. Must be between -1 and 1.
        ///     Negative values produce darker colors.
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        ///     Corrected <see cref="Color" /> structure.
        /// </returns>
        public static System.Windows.Media.Color AdjustBrightness(this System.Windows.Media.Color color, float correctionFactor)
        {
            float red = color.R;
            float green = color.G;
            float blue = color.B;

            if (correctionFactor < 0)
            {
                correctionFactor = 1 + correctionFactor;
                red *= correctionFactor;
                green *= correctionFactor;
                blue *= correctionFactor;
            }
            else
            {
                red = (255 - red) * correctionFactor + red;
                green = (255 - green) * correctionFactor + green;
                blue = (255 - blue) * correctionFactor + blue;
            }

            return System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(color.A, (byte)red, (byte)green, (byte)blue);
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///     Takes a byte array and determines the image file type by
        ///     comparing the first few bytes of the file to a list of known
        ///     image file signatures.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="imageData">Byte array of the image data</param>
        /// <returns>ImageFormat corresponding to the image file format</returns>
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">Thrown if the image type can't be determined</exception>
        public static ImageFormat GetImageType(byte[] imageData)
        {
            foreach (var signatureEntry in SignatureTable)
            foreach (var signature in signatureEntry.Value)
            {
                var isMatch = true;
                for (var i = 0; i < signature.Length; i++)
                {
                    var signatureByte = signature[i];

                    // ToString("X") gets the hex representation and pads it to always be length 2
                    var imageByte = imageData[i]
                        .ToString("X2");

                    if (signatureByte == imageByte)
                        continue;
                    isMatch = false;
                    break;
                }

                if (isMatch) return signatureEntry.Key;
            }

            throw new ArgumentException("The byte array did not match any known image file signatures.");
        }

        public static System.Drawing.Bitmap Invert(this System.Drawing.Bitmap source)
        {
            Bitmap bmpDest = new Bitmap(source.Width,source.Height);

            ColorMatrix clrMatrix = new ColorMatrix(new float[][]
            {
                new float[] {-1, 0, 0, 0, 0},
                new float[] {0, -1, 0, 0, 0},
                new float[] {0, 0, -1, 0, 0},
                new float[] {0, 0, 0, 1, 0},
                new float[] {1, 1, 1, 0, 1}
            });

            using (ImageAttributes attrImage = new ImageAttributes())
            {

                attrImage.SetColorMatrix(clrMatrix);

                using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmpDest))
                {
                    g.DrawImage(source, new Rectangle(0, 0,
                            source.Width, source.Height), 0, 0,
                        source.Width, source.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel,
                        attrImage);
                }
            }

            return bmpDest;           
        }
        
        
        public static Font AdjustSize(this Font font, Graphics graphics, string text, int width)
        {
            Font result = null;
            for (int size = (int)font.Size; size > 0; size--)
            {
                result = new Font(font.Name, size, font.Style);
                SizeF adjustedSizeNew = graphics.MeasureString(text, result);
                if (width > Convert.ToInt32(adjustedSizeNew.Width))
                    return result;
            }
            return result;
            
        }

        public static Bitmap WatermarkImage(this Bitmap image, String text, System.Windows.Media.Color color, int maxfontsize = 0)
        {
            return image.WatermarkImage(text, Color.FromArgb(color.A, color.R, color.G, color.B),maxfontsize);
        }

        
        public static Bitmap WatermarkImage(this Bitmap image, String text, Color color, int maxfontsize = 0)
        {
            int w = image.Width;
            int h = image.Height;
            Bitmap result = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(w, h);
            Graphics graphics = System.Drawing.Graphics.FromImage((System.Drawing.Image)result);
            graphics.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.High;
            graphics.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
            graphics.Clear(System.Drawing.Color.Transparent);
            graphics.DrawImage(image, 0, 0, w, h);
            
            Font drawFont = new System.Drawing.Font("Arial", 96).AdjustSize(graphics,text,(int)(image.Width * 0.9F));
            if ((maxfontsize > 0) && (drawFont.Size > maxfontsize))
                drawFont = new System.Drawing.Font("Arial", maxfontsize);
            
            SolidBrush drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(color);
            
            StringFormat stringFormat = new StringFormat();
            stringFormat.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
            stringFormat.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center;
            
            graphics.DrawString(text, drawFont, drawBrush, new Rectangle(0,0,w,h), stringFormat);
            
            graphics.Dispose();
            return result;
        }
        
        private static System.Windows.Media.Color AdjustColor(System.Windows.Media.Color color, Action<HSL> action)
        {
            var hsl = ColorHelper.ColorConverter.RgbToHsl(new RGB(color.R,color.G,color.B));
            action(hsl);
            var rgb = ColorHelper.ColorConverter.HslToRgb(hsl);
            return System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(color.A, rgb.R, rgb.G, rgb.B);           
        }

        private static int AdjustPercentage(int original, int percentage)
        {
            int percent = Math.Min(100, Math.Max(-100, percentage));
            int newvalue = (percent < 0)
                ? (byte)((percent * original) / 100)
                : (byte)((percent * (100 - original)) / 100);
            return original + newvalue;
        }
        
        public static System.Windows.Media.Color AdjustHue(this System.Windows.Media.Color color, int degrees) => 
            AdjustColor(color, (hsl => hsl.H += degrees));

        public static System.Windows.Media.Color AdjustSaturation(this System.Windows.Media.Color color, int percentage) =>
            AdjustColor(color, (hsl =>
            {
                hsl.S = (byte)AdjustPercentage(hsl.S, percentage);
            }));        
        
        public static System.Windows.Media.Color SetSaturation(this System.Windows.Media.Color color, int percentage) =>
            AdjustColor(color, (hsl => hsl.S = (byte)percentage));
        
        public static System.Windows.Media.Color AdjustLightness(this System.Windows.Media.Color color, int percentage) =>
            AdjustColor(color, (hsl =>
            {
                hsl.L = (byte)AdjustPercentage(hsl.L, percentage);
            }));  

        public static System.Windows.Media.Color SetLightness(this System.Windows.Media.Color color, int percentage) => 
            AdjustColor(color, (hsl => hsl.L = (byte)percentage));

        public static System.Windows.Media.Color SetAlpha(this System.Windows.Media.Color color, byte alpha) =>
            System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(alpha, color.R, color.G, color.B);

        public static HSL ToHSL(this System.Windows.Media.Color color)
        {
            return ColorHelper.ColorConverter.RgbToHsl(new RGB(color.R, color.G, color.B));
        }

        public static System.Windows.Media.Color ToColor(this HSL hsl)
        {
            var rgb = ColorHelper.ColorConverter.HslToRgb(hsl);
            return System.Windows.Media.Color.FromRgb(rgb.R, rgb.G, rgb.B);
        }
        
        public static HSL ToHSL(this System.Drawing.Color color)
        {
            return ColorHelper.ColorConverter.RgbToHsl(new RGB(color.R, color.G, color.B));
        }


        public static System.Windows.Media.Color GetForegroundColor(this System.Windows.Media.Color c, int threshold = 130)
        {
            var perceivedbrightness = (int)Math.Sqrt(
                    c.R * c.R * .299 +
                    c.G * c.G * .587 +
                    c.B * c.B * .114);
            return perceivedbrightness >= threshold ? Colors.Black : Colors.White;
        }
        
        public static uint ToUint(this System.Drawing.Color color) => (uint)((color.A << 24) | (color.R << 16) | (color.G << 8)  | (color.B << 0));
        public static uint ToUint(this System.Windows.Media.Color color) => (uint)((color.A << 24) | (color.R << 16) | (color.G << 8)  | (color.B << 0));
        
    }


}